Onchocerciasis, River Blindness FAQ
What causes Onchocerciasis?
Onchocerciasis is caused by the bite of infected blackflies that carry the Onchocerca volvulus parasite.
How is Onchocerciasis transmitted?
It is transmitted through the bites of blackflies, primarily found near rivers and fast-flowing streams.
What are the symptoms of Onchocerciasis?
Symptoms include intense itching, rash, skin changes, and in advanced cases, vision loss.
Can Onchocerciasis lead to permanent blindness?
Yes, if untreated, Onchocerciasis can result in irreversible vision damage and even blindness.
How is Onchocerciasis diagnosed?
Diagnostic methods include skin snips and examination of the eye for signs of infection.
Is Onchocerciasis treatable?
Yes, Onchocerciasis is treatable with medications, particularly ivermectin.
Who is at risk for Onchocerciasis?
Individuals living in or traveling to endemic areas, especially in rural regions near rivers, are at greater risk.
What is the treatment regimen for Onchocerciasis?
Treatment typically involves a periodic dose of ivermectin to kill the larvae of the parasite.
Can Onchocerciasis be prevented?
Preventive measures include reducing blackfly exposure and accessing treatment in endemic areas.
How long does treatment for Onchocerciasis take?
Treatment duration may vary, but it generally requires multiple doses over a few years.
Are there side effects of Onchocerciasis medication?
Some individuals may experience mild side effects such as itching or skin reactions after taking medication.
Is Onchocerciasis common in Thailand?
While less common now, Onchocerciasis is still present in some rural areas of Thailand.
What happens if Onchocerciasis is left untreated?
Leaving it untreated can lead to severe skin problems and potential blindness over time.
How can communities combat Onchocerciasis?
Community education, consistent treatment programs, and monitoring of blackfly populations can help combat the disease.
Who should I consult for Onchocerciasis treatment?
Consult a healthcare provider or an infectious disease specialist for proper diagnosis and treatment options.
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Information provided by Dr. Nithya Priya Raju. Reviewed by Dr. Mohamed El Khouly